Underground ibogaine use for the treatment of substance use disorders: A qualitative analysis of subjective experiences

This interview study (n=13) explores the subjective experience of those seeking out ibogaine treatment for addictions. The themes focus on psychological effects such as transpersonal experiences, autobiographical memories, and personal insights.

Abstract

“Introduction: Ibogaine is one of the alkaloids naturally found in plants such as Tabernanthe iboga, which has been traditionally used by members of the Bwiti culture. Since the discovery of its anti-addictive properties by Howard S. Lotsof in 1962, ibogaine has been used experimentally to treat substance use disorders (SUD), especially those involving opioids. We aim to provide a detailed understanding of the underlying psychological aspects of underground ibogaine use for the treatment of SUD.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 13 participants with SUD, which motivated their self-treatment with ibogaine. The data were analysed using the grounded theory approach and considered the context of the treatment, and the nature of the occurring hallucinogenic and cognitive phenomena during the treatment experience.

Results: We identified several psychological effects that the study respondents experienced, which seem to play a substantial role in the therapeutic process concerning SUD. The evoking of interpersonal and transpersonal experiences, autobiographical memories, and preparation, integration and motivation for a lifestyle change are important components that participants reported during and after ibogaine intake.

Discussion and conclusion: Ibogaine is increasingly being used for the treatment of SUD, due in part to the limited treatment options currently available. Its beneficial effects seem to be related not only to its complex pharmacology but also to the subjective experience that ibogaine induces. The main aspects of this experience are related to autobiographical memories and valuable personal insights, which together appear to help individuals cope with their SUD.”

Authors: Borja J. Rodríguez-Cano, Maja Kohek, Genís Ona, Miguel Á. Alcázar-Córcoles, Rafael G. Dos Santos, Jaime E. C. Hallak & José Carlos Bouso

Summary of Underground ibogaine use for the treatment of SUDs

Ibogaine is an alkaloid found in plants of the Apocynaceae family, traditionally used by the Bwiti culture in African countries.

Ibogaine has been used to treat substance use disorders since the discovery of its anti-addictive properties in 1962. It is used in all kinds of contexts, ranging from well-established therapy clinics to motel rooms.

Ibogaine, and its main metabolite, noribogaine, modulate opioid, nicotinic and glutamate receptors and induce the expression of neurotrophic factors. These effects may contribute to the anti-addictive effects of ibogaine, its capacity for healing and long-term positive psychological effects.

Ibogaine may help individuals with substance use disorders to reduce withdrawal symptoms and achieve sustained reduction or cessation of substance use for several months after the initial treatment.

This manuscript explores underground ibogaine use for the treatment of SUDs. It argues that personal motivation and a supportive environment play a decisive role in its long-term effects.

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